Links to original models' websites
TIGGE models' upgrade history
The information below might be incomplete depending on providers' information
CMA
ECCC
ECMWF
Always refer to the latest IFS documentation in https://www.ecmwf.int/en/publications/ifs-documentation |
26-01-2010 ECMWF
The ECMWF model was upgraded to cycle 36r1 on 26 January 2010.
The main changes included in this cycle are:
- Deterministic forecast and analysis horizontal resolution is increased from T799 to T1279, i.e. from 25 km to 16 km.
- EPS resolutions are increased from T399/T255 to T639/T319 for Leg A/B respectively. That is to say, the first 10 days of the EPS (Leg A) will run at T639 (32 km) and the extension beyond day 10 (Leg B) will run at T319 (63 km).
- Correction of short-wave radiation interaction with clouds.
08-09-2009 ECMWF
30-09-2008 ECMWF
The ECMWF model was upgraded to cycle 33r2 on 30th September 2008 12Z. The main changes included in this cycle are:
- The OSTIA (Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis) high-resolution sea surface temperature, produced by the Met Office, and corresponding sea ice analysis (from EUMETSAT Ocea and Sea Ice SAF)
- Conserving interpolation scheme for trajectory fields in 4D-Var
- New variational bias correction (VARBC) bias predictors to allow the correction of infrared shortwave channels affected by solar effects
- Cleaner cold-start of AMSUA channel 14 bias corrections
- Changes to physics for melting of falling snow, albedo of permanent snow cover (e.g. over Antartica), diurnal variation of sea surface temperature, and linear parametrization schemes
- Convective contribution added to wind gusts in post-processing
- Monitoring of MERIS total-column water vapour data
03-06-2008 ECMWF
The ECMWF model was upgraded to cycle 33r1 on 3rd June 2008 12Z. The main changes included in this cycle are:
- Improved moist physics in tangent linear/ adjoint model used in 4D- Var assimilation.
- Re-tuned entrainment in convection scheme.
- Bug fix to scaling of freezing term in convection scheme.
- Additional shear term in diffusion coefficient of vertical diffusion.
- Increased turbulent orographic form drag.
- Fix for soil temperature analysis in areas with 100% snow cover.
- Change in surface roughness for momentum, and change in post-processing of two-metre temperature and specific humidity.
- Assimilation of AMSR-E and TMI radiances in 1D+4D-Var; assimilation OMI ozone data.
- Usage of all four wind solutions for QuikSCAT in assimilation, rather than only two previously.
- Extended coverage and increased resolution for the limited area wave model.
- Improved shallow water physics and modified advection scheme for ocean wave models.
- Introduction of two new wave model parameters: maximum wave height and corresponding wave period.
11-03-2008 ECMWF
The ECMWF model was upgraded to cycle 32r3 on 11th March 2008 12Z. The main changes included in this cycle are:
- Integration of the Monthly Forecasting System with the medium-range Ensemble Prediction System (EPS).
- Use of persisted SST anomalies in all atmospheric forecasts
- Daily ocean-coupling of days 10 to 15 of 0000 UTC EPS forecasts
- Monthly Forecast run once per week from 0000 UTC on a Thursday as an extension of the 15 day EPS forecast from this base time
- Modified EFI products using the new unified re-forecasts
- New GRIB description for all Monthly Forecast products, analogous to the current medium-range EPS data
06-11-2007 ECMWF
The ECMWF model was upgraded to cycle 32r3 on 6th November 2007 12Z.
The main changes included in this cycle are:
- New formulation of convective entrainment and relaxation timescale
- Reduction in free atmosphere vertical diffusion
- New soil hydrology scheme
- New radiosonde temperature and humidity bias correction
- Increase in number of radio occultation data from COSMIC
- Assimilation of AMSR-E, TMI, SSMIS window channels (clear sky)
- Assimilation of SBUV (NOAA-17, NOAA-18) and monitoring of OMI ozone data
The main changes to the EPS included in this cycle are:
- initial perturbation amplitude reduced by 30%
- singular vectors targeted on tropical cyclones are computed with the new moist physics package in the tangent-linear and adjoint models (as used in the operational in 4D-Var since cycle 32r2).
05-06-2007 ECMWF
The ECMWF model was upgraded to cycle 32r2 on 5th June 2007 12Z
The main changes included in this cycle are:
- Three-minimization version of 4D- Var assimilation scheme (T95/T159/T255) with improved moist linear physics (cloud and convection).
- Improved parametrization of the heterogeneous ozone chemistry.
- New short-wave radiation scheme (RRTM-SW), plus McICA cloud-radiation interaction and MODIS albedo.
- Retuned ice particle size.
- Revised subgrid-orography scheme.
- Explicit numerical treatment of convection in the moist tangent linear model used in the calculation of tropical singular vectors.
28-11-2006 ECMWF
ECMWF upgraded its Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) and introduced the Variable Resolution Ensemble Prediction System (VarEPS). In particular, the forecast range was extended to 15 days using the VarEPS system with a resolution of T399 L62 for day 1 to day 10 (leg 1) and T255 L62 for T+246 to day 15 (leg 2).
JMA
30-03-2021 JMA
The JMA updated their Global EPS on March 30 2021.
The major changes are:
- Increase of the number of vertical layers from 100 to 128 for GSM and GEPS
- Increase of the number of ensemble members in GEPS from 27 to 51
- Revision of the global snow analysis
- Introduction of the global soil moisture analysis
19-01-2017 JMA
The JMA updated their Global EPS (previously named One-week EPS) at 00UTC of 19th January 2017.
The major changes are:
- The vertical resolution of the Global EPS model is increased from
- TL479L60 to TL479L100
- Perturbations from LETKF are introduced for initial perturbations.
- Perturbations to sea surface temperature are introduced.
- The name of the EPS is renamed from One-week EPS to Global EPS
21-11-2007 JMA
The resolution of one-week ensemble prediction model of JMA was upgraded on 21 November 2007.
Major changes are:
- Increase in the resolution from TL159L40 to TL319L60 with a topmost level raised from 0.4hPa to 0.1hPa.
- Use of a new high-resolution analysis of sea surface temperature and sea ice concentration as ocean surface boundary conditions.
- Use of surface snow depth data from the domestic dense observational network in the global snow depth analysis.
- Introduction of a convective triggering scheme into the deep convection parameterization.
- Introduction of a new 2-dimensional aerosol climatology derived from satellite observations for the radiation calculation.
- Increase in the resolution of inner loop model of the four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) data assimilation system from T106L40 to T159L60.
- Introduction of a sigular vector method to make the initial perturbations.
Notes:
- The resolution and parameters of TIGGE data from JMA remains unchanged.
- Orography and Land Sea Mask in TIGGE data are slightly different from the previous data associated with the model change.
KMA
17-10-2023 KMA
The orography was added to KMA control forecast outputs (for step 0 only).
https://jira.ecmwf.int/servicedesk/customer/portal/4/SD-84207
01-07-2022 KMA
The KMA has changed their model used for TIGGE contribution from UM (Unified Model) ensemble to KIM (Korean Integrated Model) ensemble, v. 3.7, since the 1st of July 2022.
KMA has been operating 2 ensemble models based on UM and KIM. The latter one, KIM, was developed during 9 year project from 2011 to 2019 and became an operational model in 2020.
UKMO
08-11-2016 MetOffice
UM upgraded to version PS38 from 6UTC cycle on 8 November 2016.
The changes include predominantly a satellite applications package to include more satellite channels, re-tuned observation error estimates and better quality control of observations. This is expected to improve the headline NWP index scores by about +0.5 to +1.0 against analyses, observations, and independent ECMWF analyses.
Satellite package includes:
- Improved use of infrared and microwave satellite data over land, providing more temperature information at lower levels.
- Improved global humidity forecasts, due to more weight being given to satellite humidity information in our analysis.
- Incorporation of more Chinese polar orbiting satellite data, following our initial introduction in March 2016.
- The introduction of data from a new Japanese Geostationary satellite, Himawari-8.
09-03-2010 MetOffice
UM upgraded to version 7.4:
- Horizontal resolution upgraded to N216 (60km) from N144 (90km).
- Vertical resolution upgraded to 70 levels from 38 levels.
- SKEB2 upgraded with N216 tuning and velocity potential wind increments
- Bug fixed in wind gust diagnostic.
- CAPE and CIN formulations changed to bring into line with those of other Centres.
- Perturbations now formulated using vertical localisation to improve spread near the surface.
- Implementation was for the 12UTC cycle on 9 March 2010.
06-10-2009 MetOffice
Implementation of E-suite 4. The model was upgraded to UM7.3 (released 26/3/09). The upgrade from UM6.3 represents 2 major and 5 minor releases of the model and brings the UK 15-day ensemble into line with its parent system and deterministic forecast system. There are many changes to the science schemes. RMS errors are improved in all areas with particular benefit noted in the northern hemisphere in the forecast range 6-12 days. The stochastic physics schemes SCV and SKEB1 were also replaced by the new SKEB2 scheme. This results in increased ensemble spread at all lead times (e.g. up to 10% in PMSL spread at T+10 days).
12-03-2009 MetOffice
Implementation of E-suite 3. The model was upgraded to UM6.3 (released as a portable version 23/7/08). The upgrade from UM6.1 was primarily the implementation of the new configuration management system, although code restructuring in several schemes such as radiation and convection resulted in small improvements to RMS errors particularly in the tropics.
27-11-2007 MetOffice
The UKMO TIGGE suite (MOTHS) was upgraded on 27 November 2007 00Z. The model version and stochastic physics schemes were not upgraded. UM Science Pack was upgraded from cycle 39 to cycle 44 (representing the operational deterministic model active as of May 2007 and the current parent 3-day ensemble forecast system).
The main features are:
- Change to the convective cloud which allows the cloud to decay away more slowly and more likely to influence the radiation scheme.
- Advanced adaptive detrainment for mid-level convection.
- Bug fix to freezing level calculation in convection.
- Bug fix to MSLP calculation over orography.
- Addition of biogenic aerosol climatology.
- Two corrections in the representation of convective clouds in the radiation scheme.
- Using MODIS observations of the surface albedo.
- Change to soil runoff formulation.
- Seasonally varying Leaf Area Index.
- SPARC ozone climatology instead of Li and Shine.
- A change from fixed SSTs to SSTs which evolve based on the climatology but with the SST anomaly at the start of the run persisted.
13-06-2007 MetOffice
The UKMO TIGGE suite (MOTHS) was upgraded on 13 June 2007 00Z.
Model Version
- The UM was upgraded from Portable UM (PUM) version 6.0 to 6.1.
Stochastic Physics
- Random Parameters Scheme (RP) upgraded to version 2.
- Stochastic Convective Vorticity (SCV) upgraded from version 6.0 to 6.1.
- Additionally a (portability) bug was fixed in SCV that resulted in anomalous results in the tropics.
- Stochastic Kinetic Energy Backscatter (SKEB) was introduced at version 11.3.
UM Science Pack was upgraded from cycle 34 to cycle 39 (representing the operational deterministic model active as of June 2006). The main features are:
- Small improvements to mid-level convection.
- Introduction of the adaptive detrainment scheme.
- Changes to the formulation of the thermal roughness length.
- Other miscellaneous boundary level improvements.
- Updated soil parameter ancillary fields.
NCEP
23-09-2020 NCEP
GEFS v12 upgrade, effective 2020 Sep 23 12z:
- FV3 dynamical model, GFDL MP, Stochastic physics, two-tier SST with NSST, No TS relocation
- increased ensemble size from 21 to 31
- increased horizontal resolution for TIGGE from 1 to 0.5 degree
09-03-2010 NCEP
NAEFS upgrade, effective 12Z:
- GFS bias correction
- Combination of GFS & GEFS forecasts
- Probabilistic NAEFS forecasts
- Downscaled NAEFS forecasts
27-03-2007 NCEP
NAEFS Upgrade, effective 12Z:
- Ensemble size increased from 14 to 20 members
30-05-2006 NCEP
Ensemble Upgrade and NAEFS first Implementation, effective 12Z:
GEFS upgrade:
- increasing ensemble size from 10 to 14 members
- adding ensemble control for 0600 GMT, 1200 GMT and 1800 GMT
- introducing ET to breeding method
- NAEFS implementation:
- bias corrected forecast
- ensemble weights
- forecast anomalies
16-08-2005 NCEP
Ensemble Upgrade, effective 12Z:
- Increased resolution to T126 for all members between 180 hrs and 384 hrs (16 days)
- Changed initial pertubations from 24 hr breeding cycle to 6 hr cycle
- Added perturbed tropical storm vortex relocation
04-05-2004 NCEP
Effective 12Z: Bias-corrected QPF and PQPF forecasts
09-03-2004 NCEP
Effective 12Z: Ensembles available four times daily with T126 resolution out to 180 hrs
29-04-2003 NCEP
Effective 12Z: Mask Rescaling
11-01-2001 NCEP
Effective 12Z: Increased (T126) resolution for all members until 84 hrs
20-12-2000 NCEP
Effective 12Z: Change in regional rescaling procedure
27-06-2000 NCEP
Effective 12Z: Increased resolution for all members until 60 hrs
10-05-2000 NCEP
Effective 12Z: Increased membership at 12Z (10 members)
06-04-1999 NCEP
Effective 12Z: Increase in initial perturbation amplitude size
07-12-1998 NCEP
Effective 12Z: Change in regional rescaling procedure for setting initial perturbation amplitudes
06-05-1998 NCEP
Effective 12Z: New seasonally varying analysis uncertainty estimates introduced into regional rescaling procedure
NCMRWF
11-06-2020 NCMRWF
NEPS-G upgrade to version 3:
The global model has been upgraded to UM11.2 (of Met Office, UK) and the model physics has been upgraded from GA6.2 to GA7.2 configuration in order to improve the representation of the physical processes. The upgraded physics configuration includes improved treatment of gaseous absorption in the radiation scheme, JULES multi-layer snow scheme and improved treatment of warm rain and ice clouds.
Full details are available in the xls document linked in the page Models.
Meteo-France
30-06-2022 Meteo-France
Changes to Meteo-France contribution to TIGGE since :
- the last step in 18Z runs is changed from +108H to +102H
Further details can be found in the page Models.
11-01-2021 Meteo-France
Changes to Meteo-France contribution to TIGGE since :
- 4 runs from 0/6/12/18Z instead of 2 from 6/18Z
- there are different final steps for different runs:
- 0/12Z: +48H
- 6Z: +90H
- 18Z: +108H
- there are different final steps for different runs:
- resolution increase to 0.5 degree
- simple packing instead of JPEG one in GRIB 2 files
- tmin/tmax fix
Further details can be found in the page Models.